Research Articles
Decoding Macrophage Polarization: A Flow Cytometry Guide to M1/M2 Markers CD64, CD40 & CD200R
This comprehensive guide provides researchers, scientists, and drug development professionals with a detailed protocol and critical analysis for characterizing macrophage polarization states (M1 and M2) using flow cytometry.
Beyond M1/M2: CD38/Egr2 Flow Cytometry Reveals New Macrophage Polarization Paradigms for Immunotherapy
This article provides a comprehensive guide for researchers comparing novel (CD38, Egr2) and classical (iNOS, Arg1, CD206) macrophage polarization markers in flow cytometry.
CRP in GLIM Diagnosis: The Critical Role of Inflammation in Identifying and Managing Malnutrition
This article provides a comprehensive analysis for researchers, scientists, and drug development professionals on the integration of C-reactive protein (CRP) within the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) diagnostic framework.
BMDM Training with PAMPs: A Comprehensive Protocol for Innate Immune Memory Research and Drug Discovery
This article provides a complete guide for researchers on the principles and practical execution of Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophage (BMDM) training using Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs).
Mastering the Lifespan: Bcl-2 Family Proteins as Central Regulators of Neutrophil Apoptosis in Health and Disease
This comprehensive review explores the pivotal role of Bcl-2 family proteins in regulating neutrophil apoptosis, a critical determinant of inflammation resolution and immune homeostasis.
Identifiability in Practice: A Bayesian vs Frequentist Guide for Biomedical Researchers
This article provides a comprehensive, comparative analysis of Bayesian and frequentist approaches to parameter identifiability in biomedical modeling.
Bayesian Methods for Unidentifiable Parameters in Immunology: From Statistical Challenge to Biological Insight
This article provides a comprehensive guide for immunology researchers and quantitative biologists on addressing parameter unidentifiability—a common but often overlooked problem in complex mechanistic models of immune dynamics.
Bayesian Identifiability: Overcoming Parameter Uncertainty in Immunology Models
This article provides a comprehensive guide to Bayesian methods for addressing parameter identifiability in immunological models.
PAMP vs DAMP: Decoding Pathogen and Damage-Associated DNA Recognition in Innate Immunity
This comprehensive review synthesizes current research on how bacterial DNA (PAMP) and host cell-derived DNA (DAMP) activate the innate immune system through overlapping yet distinct signaling pathways.
BLI vs. MRI: A Comparative Guide for Neuroinflammatory Disease Monitoring in Preclinical Research
This article provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of Bioluminescence Imaging (BLI) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for monitoring neuroinflammatory disease progression in preclinical models.